Interim Stay of Coercive Tax Measures: court stayed the impugned order and restrained ledger blocking pending final adjudication.

Independent assessment of explanations and documents is required; failure to do so leads to setting aside and remand.

Opportunity of hearing must be demonstrably afforded; absence of proof of online notice vitiates the adjudication and requires fresh adjudication.

Failure to consider material submissions warranted setting aside the order and remand for fresh adjudication with hearing.

Service by Portal does not suffice; lack of statutory opportunity to be heard vitiates the order and warrants interim stay.

Limitation period reckoning: time spent pursuing the writ petition to be counted, and appeal filing permitted.

Void ab initio of proceedings against non existent companies; fresh notice issued and subject to statutory challenge.

Reopening of assessment requires a demonstrable link between reasons and evidence; mere change of opinion and late notices are impermissible, petition dismissed.

Reopening assessments: AO must record reasons and consider taxpayer's Section 148A reply; failure renders reopening invalid.

Limitation on penalty proceedings: AO reference triggers limitation, and aggregated records cannot sustain a cash receipt penalty.

Reopening of assessment beyond the statutory period is barred absent demonstrable failure to disclose; addition for alleged bogus purchases deleted.

Show-cause notice compliance upheld, but provisos to section 40(a)(i) require reassessment and factual verification by assessing officer.

Benami Transaction Definition expanded to include continued holding post amendment, capturing pre amendment transfers where consideration paid by another.

Benami property: transfers made to evade protective land laws are benami and not saved by mere employer confidence.

Benami transaction: proof of consideration and control by beneficial owner upholds provisional attachment and dismisses appeals.

Fiduciary exception rejected; provisional attachment under benami law affirmed where transfers were one way unaccounted accommodation entries.

Benami property jurisdiction: IBC tribunals lack power to challenge Benami Act attachment; such assets fall outside the liquidation estate.

Benami property verification: insufficient hallmark and invoice evidence defeated provisional attachment, leading to relief for the proprietor.

BIS Registration Requirement: Deferred order did not absolve pre-supersession imports; confiscation and penalty set aside.

Mis-declaration permits rejection and redetermination of declared assessable value; confiscation affirmed and fines reduced on proportionality grounds.

EPCG export obligation extensions negate premature seizure; differential duty must be recomputed considering regularisation and relief.

Duty to Report Misdeclaration: broker found liable; monetary penalty reduced while license cancellation denied on mitigation.

Right to fair hearing vitiates appellate orders lacking opportunity to be heard; matter remitted for fresh hearing.

Transaction value principle: use final invoice and BRC as assessable value; do not replace with reference prices or lab moisture tests.

Fraudulent Transfer: pre-petition lease lacking consideration held void ab initio, set aside to realise assets for creditors.

Issue Estoppel bars a subsequent complaint where identical issues were earlier finally decided on merits, resulting in quashing.

Committee of Creditors' limited litigation capacity affirmed, with RP not invariably sole representative and impleadment not mandatory.

Amendment of parties to implead a necessary party permitted to secure adjudication on merits, with dismissal modified accordingly.

Interlocutory Order Merger: appeal rendered infructuous after a comprehensive final order incorporated and superseded the interim relief.

Stamp duty on sanctioning orders must be levied on the sanctioning instrument, not by dissecting underlying transactions.

Stock exchange disciplinary action and withheld security: writ maintainable; investigation valid but final board decision set aside as unlawfully constituted

AIF trustee debarment for SEBI rule breaches-no investor loss and fund winding-up led to bar treated as expired.

Clients authorising third-party F&O trades despite missing pre/post confirmations; broker not liable for losses, award set aside.

Doctrine of merger and trustee-like powers in SEBI-appointed Special Committee; order treated as open-ended, appeals dismissed

Personal liability of directors in regulatory proceedings: attachment challenge refused; pursue statutory appeal under SEBI Act

Market regulator prosecution over access to investigation report and inquiry materials; petition allowed, disclosure ordered with limited redactions

Procedural defects in CIRP proceedings are curable; admission sustained where financial debt and default are established by corroborative evidence.

Unauthorised dealing with estate property: proceeds treated as estate funds and ordered restored to preserve creditor interests.

Limitation exclusion during pandemic requires prospective computation; remand ordered for fresh adjudication on invocation and acknowledgement.

Non-payment of monthly interest as default enables a Section 7 insolvency petition; petition admitted and lower order set aside.

Procedural fairness: order set aside and matter remitted for fresh hearing allowing impleadment and a right to reply.

Debt and default under insolvency law: NeSL records and absence of account reconciliation can justify petition admission and affect limitation.

Abetment liability: corroborated retracted statements and statutory presumption can shift burden, leading to conviction and reduced penalty.

Continuing corporate liability remains enforceable after striking off; directors remain liable but penalties may be mitigated.

Retracted statement admissibility upheld when voluntary and corroborated; confiscation under foreign exchange contravention affirmed, penalty moderated.

Understated FOB valuation: exporter and officers liable; penalties payable but reduced due to mitigation and prior deposits.

Effect of approved resolution plan: implementation that effects change of management bars pre-plan penalty proceedings and extinguishes such claims.

Enforcement of foreign decrees upheld despite FEMA/RBI objections; compensatory damages not caught by prepayment caps.

Prima Facie Assessment: Regulatory and expert reports can inform but absence of AAEC bars a DG inquiry.

Bid rigging in public tender bids-common IPs, call records and shared EMD led to s.3(3) breach upheld.

Coal handling charges at port found imposed through mandatory coordination fees; impugned order set aside and remitted.

Use of Crystalline Durability Admixture in heavy infrastructure projects: nationwide market accepted, no dominance or anti-competitive conduct found, appeal dismissed

Abuse of dominance investigation notice requirement clarified: no initial notice if no prima facie case; informant need not be heard.

WhatsApp user data sharing for advertising and other non-essential purposes-clarification allowed requiring express, revocable opt-in/opt-out consent

Provisional Attachment under PMLA upheld where admissions, witness statements and banking records establish proceeds and beneficial ownership.

Proceeds of Crime: unexplained assets can sustain provisional attachment, but mandatory notice defects vitiate specific confirmations.

PMLA regular bail: twin-condition prima facie test applied and bail granted subject to protective conditions.

Provisional attachment under PMLA: unexplained cash and lack of documentary proof upheld as basis for confirming attachment.

Connection between proceeds of crime and alleged laundering absent, leading to quashing of process against accused.

Territorial Jurisdiction requires ordinary residence or ordinary place of business to sustain a High Court appeal; mere GST or appearances insufficient.

Pre-notice payment protection under Section 73(3) prevents penalty under Section 78 when tax and interest paid before notice.

Extended period of limitation for suppression upheld, interest and penalty sustained; claimed Cenvat credit disallowed.

Interest calculation under section 75 requires period wise rates with a three percent reduction; timely deposits can negate balance interest and penalties.

Extended limitation under proviso to Section 73(1) found unsustainable; departmental demand based on extended period set aside.

Reliance on third party 26AS data alone cannot sustain service tax demands; applicable exemptions were recognised and demands set aside.

Trade discounts treated as sale consideration, not Business Auxiliary Service; target-based dealer incentives therefore fall outside service tax.

Statutory pre-deposit treated as deposited when undisputed funds lie with tax authorities; appeal remitted for verification.

Reliance on Unverified Transport Records insufficient to deny CENVAT credit or sustain penalties; appeals allowed.

Sale value determination: use audited actual sale value, include forex loss in raw material cost, accept auditor certificates where justified.

Cenvat credit reversal: agricultural residues used as by products are not subject to Rule 6 proportionate reversal, so demands fail.

Cenvat Credit eligibility for capital goods used in service supply affirmed; permanent foundations excluded and extended penalties not invokable.

Cenvat credit admissibility under Rule 2(l) upheld in principle but requires documentary verification; rent a cab excluded.

Condonation of delay upheld where possession was substantive and mode of acquisition treated as directory, leading to dismissal of the petition.

Remand allows the original authority to re-adjudicate remitted issues and consider subsequent materials submitted by a party.

Common Parlance Test and Essential Character Test govern beverage classification; product held a fruit drink attracting concessional VAT.

Settlement under Maharashtra Settlement Act prevents adjustment of earlier refunds; refund must be released with interest.

Attachment of third-party property invalid where transfer preceded attachment; sale may be registered without a tax NOC.

Dominant Character Test finds SIM issuance and activation charges constitute service consideration and are not VAT-liable.

Scheme of demerger asset vesting prevents attachment for demerged company's tax; attachment allowed only for resulting company's own liability

Appeals dismissed as not pressed; properties treated as commercial establishments excluded from "assets" under Section 2(ea) Wealth Tax Act

Land loses wealth tax exemption during construction period under Section 2(ea) - exemption only applies after completion

Rental income from land plots cannot be denied based on later verification findings from different assessment year

ITAT recalls ex parte wealth tax orders after representative's death created compelling circumstances under Rule 24

Section 16(1) intimations under Wealth Tax Act constitute orders subject to revision under Section 25

Compounding of offences permitted after verified compromise; criminal proceedings quashed subject to stipulated payments and proof.

Contractual deduction rights: court held deduction of unreimbursed MGCC not permitted and award set aside for patent illegality.

Rebuttal of statutory presumption can shift evidential burden and restore acquittal when defence evidence preponderates.

Reappreciation of evidence: appellate reversal of an acquittal set aside for absence of perversity, acquittal restored.

Prima facie identification evidence and completed investigation justify refusal of successive regular bail absent substantial new circumstances.

Proof of demand and acceptance must meet proof beyond reasonable doubt; acquittal upheld when evidence is contradictory or hostile.